Creates a new PerspectiveCamera
the 3D position that the camera is looking from, in world coordinates.
The 3D direction the camera is looking in, in world coordinates. The combination of the forward and up vector determines the orientation of the camera.
The 3D direction that indicates the 'up' direction of the camera, in world coordinates. The combination of the forward and up vector determines the orientation of the camera, in world space.
The distance from the eye to the near clipping plane.
Points that fall outside of the near/far interval, are clipped.
Note that the near plane distance can be negative.
The distance from the eye to the far clipping plane.
Points that fall outside of the near/far interval, are clipped.
The width, in pixels, of the camera's viewport.
The height, in pixels, of the camera's viewport.
The angle, in degrees, that determines the vertical 'field-of-view' angle of the camera.
The reference in which
eye, forward, up, near,
far are defined (as well as the world units referred to in
scaleX and scaleY).
The 3D position that the camera is looking from, in world coordinates.
The 3D position that the camera is looking from, in world coordinates. This one is a shape instead of a Vector3, so it can easily be transformed to other references.
The world distance from the eye to the far clipping plane.
Points that fall outside of the near/far interval, are clipped.
By default, this gets updated automatically on a 3D Map, to keep the earth's surface visible.
See WebGLMap.adjustDepthRange for more information.
The 3D direction the camera is looking in, in world coordinates. The combination of the forward and up vector determines the orientation of the camera. in world space.
The angle, in degrees, that determines the vertical 'field-of-view' angle of the camera. The horizontal field-of-view angle is derived from the vertical field-of-view and the camera's aspect ratio. You can convert between horizontal (fovX) and vertical (fovY) field-of-view angles using the following formulas:
var DEG2RAD = Math.PI / 180;
var RAD2DEG = 180 / Math.PI;
var camerafovX = 2 * Math.atan(Math.tan(camera.fovY * DEG2RAD / 2) * camera.aspectRatio) * RAD2DEG;
var newFovX = 60;
var newfovY = 2 * Math.atan(Math.tan(newFovX * DEG2RAD / 2) / camera.aspectRatio) * RAD2DEG;The height, in pixels, of the camera's viewport.
The world distance from the eye to the near clipping plane.
Points that fall outside of the near/far interval, are clipped.
By default, this gets updated automatically on a 3D Map, to keep the earth's surface visible.
See WebGLMap.adjustDepthRange for more information.
Note that the near plane distance can be negative.
The 3D direction that indicates the 'up' direction of the camera, in world coordinates. The combination of the forward and up vector determines the orientation of the camera, in world space.
The width, in pixels, of the camera's viewport.
The coordinate reference in which the camera is positioned and oriented.
Returns a LookAt that matches the position and orientation of this camera
Note you can only use this function if this camera's worldReference is a geocentric reference.
a distance (in the world reference's unit) between the camera's position and the LookAt's ref. For geocentric (3D) references, the world unit is usually 1 meter.
a LookAt object that matches position and orientation of this camera.
Returns a LookFrom that matches the position and orientation of this camera
Note you can only use this function if this camera's worldReference is a geocentric reference.
// keep looking from the same point, but pitch the view up 10 degrees
var lookFrom = map.camera.asLookFrom();
lookFrom.pitch += 10;
map.camera = map.camera.lookFrom(lookFrom);a LookFrom object that matches position and orientation of this camera.
Returns copy of this camera.
Copies this camera, and overrides parameters on the copy.
// use a horizontal field-of-view on the map, instead of a vertical field-of-view
var DEG2RAD = Math.PI / 180;
var RAD2DEG = 180 / Math.PI;
var newFovX = 90;
var newfovY = 2 * Math.atan(Math.tan(newFovX * DEG2RAD / 2) / camera.aspectRatio) * RAD2DEG;
map.camera = this.map.camera.copyAndSet({fovY: newFovY});Camera parameters to override while copying. The returned copy will have the values of this Camera's parameters, except for the parameters defined in the options argument.
A copy of the current camera, with the parameters defined in the options overridden.
Checks if two cameras are equal.
The other object to check equality for
True if other is a PerspectiveCamera instance with the same state as this one.
Returns a camera that matches the position and orientation of the specified LookAt
If lookAt.ref is a Point, then that point will be transformed to
worldReference (if necessary).
Note you can only use this function if this camera's worldReference is a geocentric reference.
map.camera = map.camera.lookAt({
ref: createPoint(getReference("CRS:84"), [52, 2, 0]),
distance: 50e3,
yaw: 180,
pitch: -35,
roll: 0
});The returned camera will match this LookFrom's position and orientation.
a camera that matches the position and orientation of the LookAt that was passed in.
Returns a camera that matches the position and orientation of the specified LookFrom
If lookFrom.eye is a Point, then that point will be transformed to
worldReference (if necessary).
Note you can only use this function if this camera's worldReference is a geocentric reference.
To perform a lookFrom with navigation constraints enforced you can use MapNavigator#lookFrom. This call will respect navigations constraints and additionally it can do the operation animated.
map.camera = map.camera.lookFrom({
eye: createPoint(getReference("CRS:84"), [0, 0, 20e3]),
yaw: 180,
pitch: -35,
roll: 0
});The returned camera will match this LookFrom's position and orientation.
a camera that matches the position and orientation of the LookFrom that was passed in.
Transforms a Vector3 from world to view
The world point to transform to view space (pixels).
An optional 'out' parameter. If this is defined, it's x,y and z properties will be assigned to the result of the transformation. If it's not defined, a new Vector3 with the result is constructed and returned. Use this out parameter if you need to transform many points at once, and want to avoid creating many objects.
The transformed point, in view space (pixels)
Transforms a Point from world to view
The point to transform to view space (pixels). If this point is not defined in this camera's worldReference, it will first be transformed to the worldReference.
An optional 'out' parameter. If this is defined, that point will be moved to the result of the transformation. If it's not defined, a new Point with the result is constructed and returned. Use this out parameter if you need to transform many points at once, and want to avoid creating many Point instances.
The transformed point, in view space (pixels).
Transforms a Vector3 to world.
The view point (pixels) to transform to world space.
An optional 'out' parameter. If this is defined, it's x,y and z properties will be assigned to the result of the transformation. If it's not defined, a new Vector3 with the result is constructed and returned. Use this out parameter if you need to transform many points at once, and want to avoid creating many objects.
The transformed point, in world space.
Transforms a Point to world.
The point to transform to view space (pixels). A 'view' point has 'null' as its reference.
An optional 'out' parameter. If this is defined, that point will be moved to the result of the transformation. If it is defined, and has a reference other than worldReference, it will be transformed to that reference. If it's not defined, a new Point with the result is constructed and returned. Use this out parameter if you need to transform many points at once, and want to avoid creating many Point instances.
The transformed point, in view space (pixels).
A camera that uses an perspective projection. Also known as a 'pinhole' camera.
Note that the Camera API is a low-level API. For simple map navigation use cases, it's recommended to use the higher-level API. The MapNavigator API works in both 2D and 3D, on all map references. If you use the low-level Camera API, keep in mind that the same camera manipulation implementation might not work for other types of camera's (OrthographicCamera vs PerspectiveCamera) or other (types of) map references (projected vs. geocentric).
A camera transforms points from the 'world' reference (often the map's reference) to the view (pixel coordinates).
Besides the position, orientation and viewport properties that it inherits from Camera, the perspective camera defines its projection using the following properties:
Note that camera's in LuciadRIA are immutable. You can manipulate the map's camera by using copyAndSet or by converting from/to a LookFrom or LookAt.
Currently, the PerspectiveCamera can only be used in combination with geocentric (3D) map references (aka '2D' views). For now, you can not use this camera if the map has a projected (grid) or 2D cartesian reference.
To manipulate a perspective camera in a geocentric reference, consider using lookAt or lookFrom. This allows you to reason about the camera in terms of yaw (angle from north direction), pitch (angle wrt. horizon) and roll. You could also just manipulate the camera's eye position and forward/up directions directly, if that's a better fit for your use case.
Map navigation constraints configured on MapNavigator are not enforced when this camera is updated on the map. Constraints are only respected when using the MapNavigator.
// low-level manipulation of perspective camera: put camera looking over Europe, faced towards the north map.camera = map.camera.copyAndSet({ eye: {x: 6214861.581912037, y: 710226.7751339739, z: 4927634.769711619]}, forward: {x: 0.9588725076044676, y: -0.12713997961061635, z:-0.25376946180526144}, up: {x: -0.2469197372006221, y: -0.06727846255744102, z: 0.9666976010400992} });